(Free) Creative Commons content on the internet is not so free after all: The pitfalls and details of copyright laws and licenses.

A short guide on how copyright law affects using content from the internet for academic publications and presentations.

Social media as a disruptor for academic congresses.

Over the past few years, social media has become integral to surgical communication, research, and patient education. Furthermore, they have revolutionized how academic congresses have been held over the past 10 years. There are several benefits resulting from social media integration in scientific meetings, such as disseminating content, increasing engagement, highlighting important messages, and educating patients and physicians. Furthermore, social media platforms provide free and equal engagement of all users; no matter the experience, the level of training, or the socioeconomic background, all participants are free to express their opinion and discuss with world-renowned experts-an opportunity that was available only for the few and privileged ones in the past. Nevertheless, when talking about social media, one must bear in mind that there is a huge variety of platforms that are not all equally used or universally accessed. Besides the benefits highlighted above, this new social media-enhanced reality has some disadvantages as well: lack of any control of content along with anonymity can sometimes lead to dangerous and hostile behaviors as well as set the playground for personal feuds, ulterior financial motives, and bullying. Furthermore, the accuracy of content could be somewhat controversial, especially when pieces of presentations are taken out of context. Violations of intellectual property and copyrights are also to be considered. Social media platforms are a great tool for enhancing academic congresses when appropriately used. It is undebatable that social media has changed how information, content, and material are shared and promoted. Nevertheless, as with everything in life, their use needs to be in "good measure"-appropriate, mindful, and respectful-so that social media can be a powerful tool instead of a dangerous weapon in inappropriate hands.

Subsidies versus intellectual property rights when innovators operate in two markets.

Intellectual property rights are monopoly rights, which have undesirable welfare properties. Therefore, several studies suggest using rewards as incentives for innovation instead. However, these studies have thus far had little effect on actual policy, possibly because such rewards may be difficult to implement in practice. We suggest a new way of providing incentives to originators, which is easier to implement. Our suggestion can be used if there is an additional market in which originators operate, where copying is not easily possible. In this case, intellectual property rights in one market can be replaced by subsidies in the other market. Taking the music industry as example, copyrights in the records market could be replaced by subsidies in the market for live performances. We develop a partial equilibrium model that can be used to analyze in which cases the replacement of intellectual property rights in one market with subsidies in another market is welfare improving and better for the originator. A numerical application example suggests that the subsidy scheme may indeed be better in the music industry. The subsidy scheme can be implemented as a voluntary option, which would even be possible without changing the legal framework of intellectual property rights.

How, scholar, do you want to be remembered by future generations?: Finding your own balance between the ownership of knowledge and the freedom to pursue economic interests.

To assume that copyright just protects "expressions," (unlike "ideas" protected by patents), may be misleading because a particularly ordered procedure is also protected by copyright law. The procedure as well as the image of Park's Sweet Spot Theory require prior written permission from the original copyright holder for its use. Because this would stymie future generations from building further on this idea, I returned the theory-based patent to society so that prospective research and development will have no hindrances in the establishment of new knowledge/solutions in nursing science.

Dilemma and Solution of Copyright Justice System for Health Short Video under Network Big Data Environment Monitoring.

Short videos have quickly taken over the mobile screens of network users and established themselves as one of the most significant social platforms in the "Internet+era" as a new carrier of social culture. Short films have the qualities of high participation, strong engagement, high real-time, and quick propagation, which satisfy the needs of Internet users in interpersonal communication and reading or enjoyment in leisure time. This is against the backdrop of network big data environment monitoring. Based on this, the paper defines the fair use system of short video copyright, elaborates on its concept, examines the system's challenges and potential fixes in the context of networks, and develops a model for short video repeat detection using local key points. According to the experimental findings, this algorithm's short video repetition detection accuracy rate can reach 95.8%, and its recall rate can reach 94.5%. For the development of the fair use system of short video copyright in the current network environment, the video in some complex scenes can achieve good detection performance, which establishes a good data analysis foundation and provides a significant amount of assistance for the system to escape its predicament.

Analysis on the Evolution Mechanism of Intellectual Property Operation Platform toward Value Proposition under the Digital Technology-Driven Environment.

Research Purpose. In order to study the evolution mechanism of intellectual property operation platform, value analysis in the modern digital technology-driven environment, and how to better develop the operation of intellectual property platform in the current digital technology environment; Research Methods. This paper analyzes the relationship between the development of digital economy and intellectual property operation platform, analyzes, and compares the different stages of intellectual property platform operation in the digital technology-driven environment, and compares the coupling degree of platform operation services in different environments. Research Results. From the research and analysis results, it can be seen that the operation of intellectual property rights under digital technology is of positive significance in the development of social-ecological environment, combined with the development of the industrial ecosystem, and plays a positive role in transforming intellectual property rights into market value, promoting the development of small and medium-sized enterprises and economic construction. It is of great significance to create a perfect chain of intellectual property protection and legal protection of property rights, copyrights, and transfer rights. Research Conclusion. It provides new ideas and research value for the future operation mode of intellectual property platform, provides a better guarantee platform and legal environment for China to improve the level of digital economy, creates a suitable ecological environment, and stimulates people's thinking potential.

Exploring Music Therapists' Experiences With and Perceptions About Copyrighted Music: A Thematic Analysis.

Patient-preferred music is often copyrighted music; prior research, however, has paid scant attention to music therapists' understanding and use of copyrighted music. To fill a gap in the literature, this exploratory study sought to understand music therapists' experiences and perceptions about permissible therapeutic uses of copyrighted music. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 board-certified music therapists working in the United States. Collectively, these participants had over 300 years of professional experience. The interview transcripts were analyzed using an inductive approach to thematic analysis. Five main themes were identified: (1) copyright concerns created a complex psychological burden; (2) therapeutic needs warranted use of copyrighted music; (3) perceptions varied on permissible therapeutic practices using copyrighted music; (4) varied sources informed an understanding of copyright law; and (5) copyright clarity was needed to reduce the psychological burden. These themes suggest that psychological stress was produced by copyright uncertainty coupled with attempts by participants to satisfy diverse interests and protect multiple stakeholders, including patients, employers, their profession, and the law. Our findings suggest that a lack of clarity about permissible uses of copyrighted music can complicate music therapists' decision-making about appropriate therapeutic interventions. Clarity on permissible therapeutic uses of music could yield benefits for music therapists, patients, and the community.

Robust Zero-Watermarking of Color Medical Images Using Multi-Channel Gaussian-Hermite Moments and 1D Chebyshev Chaotic Map.

Copyright protection of medical images is a vital goal in the era of smart healthcare systems. In recent telemedicine applications, medical images are sensed using medical imaging devices and transmitted to remote places for screening by physicians and specialists. During their transmission, the medical images could be tampered with by intruders. Traditional watermarking methods embed the information in the host images to protect the copyright of medical images. The embedding destroys the original image and cannot be applied efficiently to images used in medicine that require high integrity. Robust zero-watermarking methods are preferable over other watermarking algorithms in medical image security due to their outstanding performance. Most existing methods are presented based on moments and moment invariants, which have become a prominent method for zero-watermarking due to their favorable image description capabilities and geometric invariance. Although moment-based zero-watermarking can be an effective approach to image copyright protection, several present approaches cannot effectively resist geometric attacks, and others have a low resistance to large-scale attacks. Besides these issues, most of these algorithms rely on traditional moment computation, which suffers from numerical error accumulation, leading to numerical instabilities, and time consumption and affecting the performance of these moment-based zero-watermarking techniques. In this paper, we derived multi-channel Gaussian-Hermite moments of fractional-order (MFrGHMs) to solve the problems. Then we used a kernel-based method for the highly accurate computation of MFrGHMs to solve the computation issue. Then, we constructed image features that are accurate and robust. Finally, we presented a new zero-watermarking scheme for color medical images using accurate MFrGHMs and 1D Chebyshev chaotic features to achieve lossless copyright protection of the color medical images. We performed experiments where their outcomes ensure the robustness of the proposed zero-watermarking algorithms against various attacks. The proposed zero-watermarking algorithm achieves a good balance between robustness and imperceptibility. Compared with similar existing algorithms, the proposed algorithm has superior robustness, security, and time computation.

Intellectual property: A primer for radiologists.

Typically the creative product of the mind, intellectual property often forms the basis of a new product, service line, or company. Intellectual property law is complicated and nuanced, and poorly understood by many physicians, innovators, and entrepreneurs. Successfully navigating the process of intellectual property protection is critical in facilitating the translation of innovation into clinical practice. We define intellectual property and common terms used in intellectual property law and offer justification for the importance of intellectual property protections. We additionally highlight resources to assist radiologists with intellectual property protection and outline basic guidelines to successfully initiate discussions around intellectual property with third party vendors and consultants. SUMMARY: Proactive intellectual property protection is critically important for radiologist innovators seeking to bring new ideas to the marketplace.

A robust zero-watermarking scheme based on non-negative matrix factorization for audio protection.

The copyright problem of digital products is becoming more and more prominent. In this case, digital watermarking technology has attracted the attention of many experts and scholars in the field of information security. Among the proposed technologies, zero-watermarking technology has been favored greatly with its excellent imperceptibility. In this paper, a novel robust audio zero-watermarking scheme is designed by applying non-negative matrix decomposition algorithm to zero-watermarking technology. Firstly, the proposed scheme divides the input audio signal into fixed frames, then applies fast Fourier transform(FFT) and non-negative matrix factorization(NMF) algorithm to extract the feature vector of the original audio signal. Finally, XOR the feature vector and the digital watermark sequence to achieve the embedding of zero-watermarking. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme performs more effectively in resisting common and frame-desynchronization attacks than the existing zero-watermarking schemes.

A Gray Correlation Algorithm for Analysis of Influencing Factors of Film and Television Copyright Export.

In this paper, an intelligent model is constructed to facilitate real-time dynamic analysis of the factors affecting the export of film and television copyrights and to track the process of spatiotemporal context. The algorithm analyzes the factors affecting the export of film and television copyrights according to actual needs. Through the comparative analysis of experimental models, the influence and optimization of gamma correction and Laplace distribution weighting on spatial context information and confidence map update are verified. In addition, this paper uses the gray relational algorithm to construct an analysis system of factors affecting the export of film and television copyright. The research shows that the analysis model of the influencing factors of film and television copyright export based on the gray relational algorithm can play a very good role in the analysis of these factors.

A Blind Watermarking Model of the 3D Object and the Polygonal Mesh Objects for Securing Copyright.

In this paper, we propose a novel model for 3D object watermarking. The proposed method is based on the properties of the discrete cosine transform (DCT) of the 3D object vertices to embed a secret grayscale image three times. The watermarking process takes place by using the vertices coefficients and the encrypted image pixels. Moreover, the extraction process is totally blind based on the reverse steps of the embedding process to recover the secret grayscale image. Various performance aspects of the method are measured and compared between the original 3D object and the watermarked one using Euclidean distance, Manhattan distance, cosine distance, and correlation distance. The obtained results show that the proposed model provides better performances in terms of execution time and invisibility.